Contents
Background
The impact of covid 19 in politics
The impacts of covid 19 to the economics
The impact of covid 19 to the society of Rwanda
How Rwanda is addressing the challenges brought by of covid 19
Conclusions
Recommendations
Acknowledgement
Bibliography
BACKGROUND
The first human cases of COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel corona virus causing COVID-19, subsequently named SARS-CoV-2 were first reported by officials in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. Retrospective investigations by Chinese authorities have identified human cases with onset of symptoms in early December 2019 .The World Health Organization (WHO) first declared COVID-19 a world health emergency in January 2020. The news started to spread out the world said that there is new virus which is spreading and it is very serious due to how it spread from one person to another person as well as country to country and continent to continent which can kill many people if it is not prevented. From that time the world health organization (WHO) tried to inform the whole world countries to take measures for preventing the outbreak of this pandemic all over the world. These measures are regular hand washing with water and soaps, wearing masks, using hand sanitizers, avoid having contact with people by shaking hands, kissing, hugging, stop meeting and gathering and if possible the countries must start to close some of the sectors of production and business which bring many people to gather, in order to avoid the spread of corona virus (covid 19). Even though world health organization (WHO) tried to let the whole world countries know how the pandemic is very dangerous and sensibilizing them about the possible measures to prevent it. The whole world countries did not respond to that at time. This delays led to a lot of consequences in many countries all over the world like the death of many people and financial problems due to the close of some activities which were benefiting people in their everyday life. As the consequences of covid 19 started in china and it spread was very first to rich in 98% of the world countries. Currently the world is like village due to the advancement of technology, the impact of globalization, trade, commerce and transport. Then as the pandemic continued all over the world it consequences increases day per day especially in china then later some countries start to say that the virus is for Chinese not for other. After that virus continues to spread out from other countries especially in January, February and March 2020. The others countries also started to face the consequences of it like death of many people per day those countries are Italy, Germany, united states of America, England, France, and rater it passes in others countries and all world continents as well. So from 31th December 2019 until now the spread of this pandemic is still continuing and even it consequences economically, politically, and socially to the people all over the world. But each and every country are still trying to prevent it by following health measures in order to reduce it. The scientists are still working day and night in laboratories to see if they can find the vaccination to cure corona virus but not yet. Currently many people like scientist , doctors ,politicians ,and all world entire population are asking themselves if this will end or not because it seems pandemic is very dynamic some days cases increases or decreases some people dead and others are recovered but no guarantee for that yet there is no vaccine for corona virus ( covid 19) that why they even failing to put in place lockdown as major tool for preventing covid , most countries are trying to resume most of the activities which were closed during it outbreak (WHO, 2019) Consequently in this article I will explain the impacts of covid 19 in politics, economics, and social part of Rwanda and the rest of the world in general, and how the government of Rwanda is trying to respond to the needs of their people in order to minimize the consequences of covid 19 and move forward toward development progress as usual. I will use Rwanda mostly as my case study but also in general as this pandemic become global issue.
The impact of covid 19 in politics
From the time this covid 19 epidemic spread out the world many workers are being forced to work at their home places rather than in their offices in order to avoid gatherings which can led to the spread of this pandemic. As politician or leaders used to work hand in hand (in touch) with their followers currently in some countries it is very hard for each leader to accomplish his/her responsibilities online, and even the means for communicating with their followers is not easy yet there are few technological materials like computers and internet connection. To other side also some politician or government leaders are lying their people about the statistics of new cases for covid death and recovered for their person interest, and this create misunderstanding between people and their government. At international stage also covid 19 create tension between countries, it prevent the easy follow of goods and services, and foreign exchange is also being brooked. For instance, currently relationship between China and USA is not good because USA from the starting of outbreak of this pandemic had been accusing Chinese to make this virus and spread it out the world and keeping information of it until it started to bring consequences all over the world the same case with WHO (world health organization) accused to corroborate with China in that trick. (Jackson, 2020) Many people also who were working in administration of private institutions and some in public lose their positions. In short due to covid 19 some leaders are not accomplishing their duties and responsibilities toward their beneficiaries /followers as well, which leads to reduction of their incomes /salaries and their production. In rwanda what I see as big challenge is how people had understood this pandemic because the leaders are keep telling them the measures but not all of the population respect it where we found in all police station in the country there is always people their because of not respecting the measures for fighting against corona virus but though much sensibilization I see the change with comparing the current mouth and the mouth during it outbreak in the country.
The impact of covid 19 to the economy
According to congressional research service (2020) covid 19 outbreak was first diagnosed, it has spread to over 200 countries and all U.S. states. The pandemic is negatively affecting global economic growth beyond anything experienced in nearly a century. Estimates so far indicate the virus could trim global economic growth by 3.0% to 6.0% in 2020, with a partial recovery in 2021, assuming there is not a second wave of infections. The economic fallout from the pandemic raises the risks of a global economic recession with levels of unemployment not experienced since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Economically this pandemic brought a lot of consequences in many countries like the increases of high unemployment lever ,reduction of i savings and investment at the individual lever , to the country lever there is high reduction of government income due to the high reduction of taxes from different business which stopped their activities due to this pandemic , currently also many countries especially developing countries are keep asking loans from international monetary fund(IMF) and world bank in order to buy the materials for taking preventive measures of covid 19 example masks , materials for the tests of covid and the medicine . In short even if the lever of economic fall down at the different extent depend on the people abilities, countries capacity but in general the income of most people and countries are being reduced due to the outbreak of covid 19. (UNESCO, 2020) Particularly Rwanda too is facing these challenges for it economy however Rwanda is trying to deal with that by helping it people to recover their economy by giving foods to the poor people and those ones whom their job stopped due to this pandemic, giving loans for private teachers who are not receiving their salaries because most private institutions ban the salaries of their employees ,putting big bill in agriculture sector as the main remaining sector to improve the economy and resuming some business activities but according to the health news regarding how covid cases is being reduced in the country .
The impact of covid 19 to the society of Rwanda
According to UNESCO report about social economic and cultural impact of covid 19 in Africa (2020) Sociocultural norms and values that are at the center of African societies now face severe risk of disappearing into oblivion. The ban on public gatherings, for instance, in response to the pandemic has had consequent impact on family and community life, increased the possibility of fracturing relationships and undermining trust between states and their citizens, with long-term implications for cohesion and social harmony. Beyond that, a number of ethical challenges bothering on values of human rights and human dignity, in particular protection of the most vulnerable, including women, youth, people with disabilities and migrants, have now been brought to the fore as a result. In Rwanda due to covid 19 outbreak most of the Rwandan values like tolerance, sharing, empathy and unity, now is becoming problems to cope with covid 19 measures which forcing us to keep aside some culture values like greeting the people whom you meet, chilling with them, visiting friends, hugging and kissing, I saw it as very difficult for Rwandan to stop doing that. Another problems is that some young ladies are being raped, pregnant, others are getting married yet they are not yet finishing their courses just in this few mouth of lockdown and divorce cases had been increased in this year that in 2019 .The proliferation of media spaces and other outlets of communication, including social media, by professional and non-professional sources, have led to both misinformation and disinformation with adverse consequences on the fight against the pandemic. Fragile culture sector like every other aspect of life in Rwanda, the pandemic has had an impact on the culture sector as a whole. The restrictive measures imposed by governments has led to cancellation of major arts and cultural events, including festivals and expos across the country this also has reduced social morals of the Rwandan. Substantial losses in education and training Education is one of the biggest casualties in the fight against the pandemic in Rwanda. The mass closure of schools, universities, technical vocational training centers and other centers of learning across the country, has deprived many learners of both their right and access to education. While many parts of the world have resorted to distance learning, leveraging the use of information and communications technologies, unfortunately in most parts of Rwanda, this is not a very viable option and other African countries as well.
HOW RWANDA IS ADRESSING THE IMPACT BROUGHT BY COVID 19
On Saturday 14 March 2020 Rwanda confirmed its first case of covid19 the ministry of health announced that an Indian national who had traveled from Mumbai to Rwanda march 8th 2020 had shown no symptoms until he was tested positive on March 13th four more cases were confirmed a day later .The government suspended all the public and social gatherings for 14 days until 30th March to contain the spread of covid 19 all schools , primary , secondary and universities were closed ,church services and social gatherings such as marriage were suspended
From that time many Rwandan were asking themselves how are we going to survive but hoping that all of those banned activities will resume soon, particular for the students we were asking ourselves when will we back at school ,workers to their jobs as usual . But this was not the case because the cases of covid continues to increase day per day, but according to some changes of covid 19 of reducing of the new cases the government decided to resume some sector of production but working under preventive measures of covid19, those measures are regular hands washing with clean water and soap, keeping at least 1metre distance between people, wearing masks when you are in public place and also using hand sanitizers. From my viewpoint, my own country, Rwanda, a country of 12.5 million people located in sub Saharan Africa, has had a compassionate, strong response to this pandemic. To protect the people, it’s implemented national policies around COVID-19 prevention and response beginning in mid-January, with all travelers arriving at a Rwandan airport screened and all suspected cases tested. And, when the first COVID-19 case was diagnosed in Rwanda in mid-March, the government rapidly responded without waiting for a second case to emerge. Immediately, systematic contact tracing and testing were conducted, and the country implemented a national lock-down the following day. This included closing schools and religious spaces, restriction of all non-essential travel within the country, and closing the borders. Within one week, all incoming and outbound commercial flights were suspended, with only cargo entering with goods and services people. (Agnes, 2020)As economy has strong affected the government add more bills in agriculture sector to raise up the economy as about 90% Rwandan are farmers, the country also has took loans from World Bank and IMF in order to support health sectors to improve it service as it is tremendous for the country to prevent the spread of pandemic and other sectors to develop the country. And part from schools even if the schools are still closed the government is trying to encourage the both public and private schools to use online learning teaching using different channels of communication like zoom, WhatsApp, radio, and television platforms even if it is not 100% for all of the students to get the means but it is helping the students to move forward. And more rooms are being constructed in order to ensure social distance when the schools will be resumed.
Recommendations
To the government
- Sensibilization of the people about the measures for preventing corona virus by respecting health advices about it prevention
- To put rules and regulation about preventing corona virus and if possible people who disobey this must be punished
- To care too much about their people than business because the lives of people count than their business you cannot run business yet you are sick
To the schools
- To encourage their students about e learning so that they may keep forward even if the schools are still closed
- To prepare training to their students about e leaning and covid 19 measures because some of them are not aware
To the parents
- To take care about their children especially during this time of lockdown by helping them to revise their courses and follow their courses online on television ,radio ,and other platform help them to continue their studies
- To take measures at their home especially regarding preventing covid 19 and teach them their children
Conclusion
To sum up this pandemic of covid 19 (coronavirus) is disturbing everything worldwide economically ,politically and socially but I can say that it had not the same impact to developing countries and developed countries yet for developing countries is too serious due to their low lever of development of health sectors and technological advancement and how each country respond to that either positively or negatively .However currently personally I don’t see the solutions of this pandemic yet the vaccine is not yet discovered and another confusion is that it seems some countries are resuming all the services yet the cases of corona virus are still increasing , to other side some countries are not caring the lives of their people as the first assets for their country , rather corona virus is becoming political issue hence might be the health issue . But from this pandemic personally I learned a lot especially saving and using social media in positive ways like online studying and others and the best measure to prevent covid19 is take care of ourselves and others by respecting health measures rather than waiting for the vaccine while we don’t know the time it will discovered .
Acknowledgment
First Special thanks to almighty God for protecting me and my collogues, friends, relatives, my country Rwanda, Africa and worldwide in general in this outbreak of epidemic Corona virus, and all blessings to us without any payment.
Second I wish to extend my gratitude to different lectures in my university protestant institute of art and social science (PIASS)where currently I am studying because I believe that the skills am using by writing this article is drawn from their contribution .
Third I would like to appreciate the whole team of Oli Health Magazine Organization because of lunching this article competition which gives me motive of writing this article as it is the part of studying and improving my knowledge especially in this lockdown time as student. And taking part for contributing to my community and country at large. I think is helping my collogues as well too.
Bibliography
BINAGWAHO, A. (2020). We need Compasionate Leadership Management based on evidence to defeat covid19. international journal of health policy and management IJHPM, 1-2.
Jackson, J. K. (2020). Congressional Reseach Service Global economic effect of covid 19.
UNESCO. (2020). Social Economic and Cultural impact of covid 19 on africa . United Nation Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.
WHO. (2019). Covid 19 corona virus diseases situation. world health organization.
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World Bank. The World Bank in Rwanda. https://www.worldbank. Org/en/country/rwanda. Accessed on 18th August, 2020
Kraemer MUG, Yang C-H, Gutierrez B, et al. (2019) The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China.
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https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance accessed on 20th June 2020
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Rwanda Biomedical Center. Coronavirus Disease 2019, National Preparedness and Response Plan. https://www.rbc.gov.rw/ fileadmin/user_upload/annoucement/Coronavirus%20Disease%20 2019, %20National%20Preparedness%20and%20Response%20 Plan.pdf. Accessed August 15, 2020.
Ministry of Health of Rwanda (MOH). Instructions for COVID-19 Screening at Points of Entry (POE). https://rbc.gov.rw/fileadmin/ user_upload/guide/Instructions%20on%20Covid-19.pdf. Accessed August 15, 2020.
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Mwai C. Top government officials forfeit April salary to support vulnerable citizens. The New Times. April 6, 2020. https://www. newtimes.co.rw/news/top-government-officials-forfeit-april-salarysupport-vulnerable-citizens.accessed on18th August 2020
Note: Olivier ISHIMWE Single author of this paper on 20th August 2020
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